Summer Arctic sea fog     

Xie Simei  Xue Zhenhe  Jiang Dezhong  Zou Bin  Qu Shaohou 《海洋学报(英文版)》2001,20(2):183-196

I~IOXSea fog is a kind of dangerous weather. Chinese sea fog experts, Wang Binhua (1983),Hu Ruijin and Zhou Faxiu (1998) and Hu Jifu et al. (1996) studied sea fog rather Systematically. FOreign Experts also Paid great attention to sea fog. Ernlnons and Montgomery(1974), chipper (1994) and Rayrnond et al. (1989) have studied sea fog thorOUghly.HOwever, studies on Arctic sea ice have rarely been carried Out becauSe of the sever environment and less htnnan activity in the region. There …  相似文献   

Validation and Improvement of Satellite-Derived Surface Solar Radiation over the Northwestern Pacific Ocean     

Kawai  Yoshimi  Kawamura  Hiroshi 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(1):79-89

The purpose of this study is to validate and improve satellite-derived downward surface shortwave radiation (DSSR) over the northwestern Pacific Ocean using abundant in situ data. The DSSR derivation model used here assumes that the reduction of solar radiation by clouds is proportional to the product of satellite-measured albedo and a cloud attenuation coefficient. DSSR is calculated from Geostationary Meteorological Satellite-5/Visible Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer data in 0.05° × 0.05° grids. The authors first compare the satellite DSSR derived with a cloud attenuation coefficient table determined in past research with in situ values. Although the hourly satellite DSSR agrees well with land in situ values in Japan, it has a bias of +13∼+34 W/m² over the ocean and the bias is especially large in the low latitudes. The authors then improve the coefficient table using the ocean in situ data. Usage of the new table successfully reduces the bias of the satellite DSSR over the ocean. The cloud attenuation coefficient for low-albedo cases over the ocean needs to be larger in the low latitudes than past research has indicated. Daily and hourly DSSR can be evaluated from the satellite data with RMS errors of 11–14% and 30–33%, respectively, over a wide region of the ocean by this model. It is also shown that the cloud attenuation coefficient over land needs to be smaller than over the ocean because the effect of the radiation reflected by the land surface cannot be ignored.  相似文献   

1993—2001年全球海面高度变化特征   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9       下载免费PDF全文

申辉  郭佩芳  钱成春  韩树宗 《海洋与湖沼》2003,34(2):169-178

应用TOPEX／POSEIDON（T／P）卫星高度计测高资料，对全球海洋的海面变化特征进行了分析，结果表明，1993年1月－2001年6月期间，全球海平面呈现上升的态势；全球平均海平面高度的平均上升速率约为1．2mm/a；海温的变化是引起海平面变化的重要原因，便其对海平面抬升的贡献不到50％。海平面的变化具有很强的地域特征。海平面变化的空间分布特征受风应力异常特别是纬向风应力异常的空间分布影响较大。  相似文献   

川西盆地雾和能见度的气候特征及其对飞行的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李子良  傅刚  郝丽萍 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(2):191-196

利用川西盆地广汉机场气象台1986年1月~1995年12月共10 a地面观测资料,对广汉机场低能见度的生消时间、持续时间和能见度的年季节变化及其日变化做了统计分析,研究广汉机场全年能见度的飞行气候特征,特别是低能见度气候特征对飞行的影响。结果表明,能见度日变化特征表现为:白天早、晚时段能见度较低,午后能见度达到最高。能见度的季节变化特征表现为:冬(12,1,2月)、春季(3,4,5月)能见度较低,而夏(6,7,8月)、秋季(9,10,11月)能见度较高。冬季能见度的变化主要受辐射雾影响,夏季能见度的变化主要受降水的影响,随着降水强度的变化而变化,低能见度时间短暂。各标准低能见度逐时频率的日变化特征在各季基本相似,低能见度高频率区均出现在早晨到上午,低频率区均出现在下午。  相似文献   

Phytoplankton variability on the Faroe Shelf   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

Gaard  Eilif; Hansen  Bogi; Heinesen  Signar P. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(4):688-696

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Second order wave diffraction forces and runup by finite—infinite element method     

B.Y. Li  S.L. Lau  C.O. Ng 《Applied Ocean Research》1991,13(6):270-286

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On the radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Y.H. Zheng  P.F. Liu  Y.M. Shen  B.J. Wu  S.W. Sheng 《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(3-4):436-450

The radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas of finite depth is investigated. The analytical expressions for the radiated and diffracted potentials are derived as infinite series by use of the method of separation of variables. The unknown coefficients in the series are determined by the eigenfunction expansion matching method. The expressions for wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients and reflection and transmission coefficients are given and verified by the boundary element method. Using the present analytical solution, the hydrodynamic influences of the angle of incidence, the submergence, the width and the thickness of the structure on the wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, and reflection and transmission coefficients are discussed in detail.  相似文献   

超声辐射对牟氏角毛藻的生物效应研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

李文权  张元标  陈清花  王清池 《海洋科学》2001,25(10):39-42

设计了一个超声频率，超声功率和辐射时间3因素4水平的正交实验，研究超声辐射对牟氏角毛藻的生物效应。实验结果表明，超声频率对牟氏角毛藻的生物效应显著，而超声功率的辐射时间的影响相对较小，在正交实验所确定的最佳超声辐射条件下，牟氏角毛藻生长速率常数最高可达0．348d^-1，是对照组的1．78倍，并脂肪酸不饱和度最高可达68．4％，比对照组提高5．2％，主要不饱和脂肪酸的百分含量均可得到不同程度的提高。  相似文献   

UV-B辐射增强对泥鳅红细胞遗传毒理学指标的影响研究     

李美芹  肖慧  唐学玺 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,37(3):453-456,448

利用红细胞微核和核异常的遗传毒理学方法,研究UV-B辐射增强对泥鳅红细胞核的细胞遗传毒性效应,评价2种毒理学指标在UV-B辐射监测应用中的可行性。结果显示,随着UV-B辐射剂量的加大,泥鳅红细胞的微核细胞率持续上升,表现出明显的剂量-效应关系,微核细胞率与辐射剂量显著正相关。而泥鳅红细胞核异常率随着UV-B辐射剂量的加大无规律性的变化,没有表现出剂量-效应关系,核异常率与辐射剂量无相关性。脱离UV-B辐射处理6 d后泥鳅红细胞的微核细胞率不能够恢复正常的对照水平,而核异常细胞率随着时间的延长,逐渐得以恢复。结果指示泥鳅红细胞微核率是用于UV-B辐射监测的灵敏和可行的细胞遗传毒理学指标,而核异常率不能用于UV-B辐射的监测。  相似文献   

Spatial variability in the partial pressures of CO₂ in the northern Bering and Chukchi seas   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Liqi Chen  Zhongyong Gao   《Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography》2007,54(23-26):2619

In the summers of 1999 and 2003, the 1st and 2nd Chinese National Arctic Research Expeditions measured the partial pressure of CO₂ in the air and surface waters (pCO₂) of the Bering Sea and the western Arctic Ocean. The lowest pCO₂ values were found in continental shelf waters, increased values over the Bering Sea shelf slope, and the highest values in the waters of the Bering Abyssal Plain (BAP) and the Canadian Basin. These differences arise from a combination of various source waters, biological uptake, and seasonal warming. The Chukchi Sea was found to be a carbon dioxide sink, a result of the increased open water due to rapid sea-ice melting, high primary production over the shelf and in marginal ice zones (MIZ), and transport of low pCO₂ waters from the Bering Sea. As a consequence of differences in inflow water masses, relatively low pCO₂ concentrations occurred in the Anadyr waters that dominate the western Bering Strait, and relatively high values in the waters of the Alaskan Coastal Current (ACC) in the eastern strait. The generally lower pCO₂ values found in mid-August compared to at the end of July in the Bering Strait region (66–69°N) are attributed to the presence of phytoplankton blooms. In August, higher pCO₂ than in July between 68.5 and 69°N along 169°W was associated with higher sea-surface temperatures (SST), possibly as an influence of the ACC. In August in the MIZ, pCO₂ was observed to increase along with the temperature, indicating that SST plays an important role when the pack ice melts and recedes.  相似文献